Add demo trading page, trader snapshot service and trading tables

Add trading_symbols, trading_analyses, trading_orders and trading_events.
The new trader service publishes account, position and open-order
snapshots of the Binance demo account to Redis every 3s. The /trading
page shows engine status, start/stop, balances, positions, the symbol
list with angle selection, open orders and the event timeline.

backend/src/alphapulse/trading/client.py

@@ -36,6 +36,18 @@ class ExchangeError(Exception):
         return f"币安返回 {self.status}（{self.code}）：{self.message}"
 
 
+async def public_get(path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    """模拟盘公开接口（exchangeInfo 等），不需要 key"""
+    async with httpx.AsyncClient(base_url=BASE_URL, timeout=TIMEOUT_SECONDS) as http:
+        try:
+            resp = await http.get(path, params=params)
+        except httpx.TransportError as e:
+            raise ExchangeError(None, None, f"无法连接币安模拟盘：{e!r}") from e
+    if resp.status_code >= 400:
+        raise ExchangeError(resp.status_code, None, resp.text[:200])
+    return resp.json()
+
+
 class DemoClient:
     def __init__(self, api_key: str, api_secret: str) -> None:
         self.secret = api_secret.encode()

backend/src/alphapulse/trading/engine.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""模拟盘交易进程：定时把账户、持仓、挂单快照写入 Redis，供页面读取。
+
+用法：python -m alphapulse.trading.engine
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import re
+import time
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from alphapulse.core.crypto import decrypt
+from alphapulse.core.db import SessionLocal
+from alphapulse.core.redis import KEY_PREFIX, redis
+from alphapulse.models import TradingAccount, TradingSymbol
+from alphapulse.trading.client import DemoClient, ExchangeError
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("alphapulse.trading.engine")
+
+# 进程挂掉后快照自动过期，页面据此显示「引擎离线」
+STATUS_KEY = f"{KEY_PREFIX}trader:status"
+STATUS_TTL_SECONDS = 15
+SNAPSHOT_SECONDS = 3
+# 杠杆和保证金模式很少变，按币缓存
+SYMBOL_CONFIG_SECONDS = 60
+# 所有币合计每天（北京时间）最多自动分析的次数
+DAILY_ANALYSIS_LIMIT = 60
+# 本程序下的单 clientOrderId / clientAlgoId 为 ap{流水 id}；其他（含用户手动下的）不动
+OWN_CLIENT_ID = re.compile(r"^ap\d+$")
+
+
+class Snapshot:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.client: DemoClient | None = None
+        self.key_ciphertext: bytes | None = None
+        # 最近一次成功同步的数据；同步失败时保留并标注错误，避免页面闪空
+        self.data: dict | None = None
+        self.synced_at: datetime | None = None
+        self.symbol_config: dict[str, tuple[float, dict]] = {}
+
+    async def ensure_client(self, account: TradingAccount | None) -> DemoClient | None:
+        ciphertext = account.api_key_encrypted if account else None
+        if ciphertext != self.key_ciphertext:
+            # key 被修改或删除：旧连接作废，旧数据属于另一个账户，一并清掉
+            if self.client is not None:
+                await self.client.http.aclose()
+            self.client = None
+            self.data = self.synced_at = None
+            self.symbol_config.clear()
+            self.key_ciphertext = ciphertext
+            if account is not None and ciphertext is not None:
+                self.client = DemoClient(decrypt(ciphertext), decrypt(account.api_secret_encrypted))
+        return self.client
+
+    async def leverage_and_margin(self, client: DemoClient, symbol: str) -> dict:
+        cached = self.symbol_config.get(symbol)
+        if cached is None or time.monotonic() - cached[0] > SYMBOL_CONFIG_SECONDS:
+            config = (await client.request("GET", "/fapi/v1/symbolConfig", {"symbol": symbol}))[0]
+            cached = (time.monotonic(), {"leverage": config["leverage"], "margin_type": config["marginType"]})
+            self.symbol_config[symbol] = cached
+        return cached[1]
+
+    async def fetch(self, client: DemoClient, symbols: list[str]) -> dict:
+        account = await client.request("GET", "/fapi/v3/account")
+        positions = [p for p in await client.request("GET", "/fapi/v3/positionRisk") if float(p["positionAmt"]) != 0]
+        # 挂单只查交易列表里的币和有持仓的币：不带 symbol 查全部的权重是 40，3 秒一次太贵
+        watched = sorted(set(symbols) | {p["symbol"] for p in positions})
+        orders, algo_orders = [], []
+        for symbol in watched:
+            orders += await client.request("GET", "/fapi/v1/openOrders", {"symbol": symbol})
+            algo_orders += await client.request("GET", "/fapi/v1/openAlgoOrders", {"symbol": symbol})
+        return {
+            "account": {
+                "wallet_balance": account["totalWalletBalance"],
+                "margin_balance": account["totalMarginBalance"],
+                "available_balance": account["availableBalance"],
+                "unrealized_pnl": account["totalUnrealizedProfit"],
+            },
+            "positions": [
+                {
+                    "symbol": p["symbol"],
+                    "side": "LONG" if float(p["positionAmt"]) > 0 else "SHORT",
+                    "amount": p["positionAmt"].lstrip("-"),
+                    "entry_price": p["entryPrice"],
+                    "break_even_price": p["breakEvenPrice"],
+                    "mark_price": p["markPrice"],
+                    "unrealized_pnl": p["unRealizedProfit"],
+                    "liquidation_price": p["liquidationPrice"],
+                    "notional": p["notional"].lstrip("-"),
+                    "margin": p["isolatedMargin"] if float(p["isolatedMargin"]) else p["initialMargin"],
+                    **await self.leverage_and_margin(client, p["symbol"]),
+                }
+                for p in positions
+            ],
+            "orders": [
+                {
+                    "symbol": o["symbol"], "client_id": o["clientOrderId"], "side": o["side"], "type": o["type"],
+                    "price": o["price"], "quantity": o["origQty"], "filled": o["executedQty"], "reduce_only": o["reduceOnly"],
+                    "time": o["time"],
+                }
+                for o in orders
+            ],
+            "algo_orders": [
+                {
+                    "symbol": o["symbol"], "client_id": o["clientAlgoId"], "side": o["side"], "type": o["orderType"],
+                    "trigger_price": o["triggerPrice"], "quantity": o["quantity"], "close_position": o["closePosition"],
+                    "reduce_only": o["reduceOnly"], "time": o["createTime"],
+                }
+                for o in algo_orders
+            ],
+        }
+
+    async def publish(self) -> None:
+        async with SessionLocal() as session:
+            account = await session.get(TradingAccount, 1)
+            symbols = list((await session.scalars(select(TradingSymbol.symbol))).all())
+        error = None
+        client = await self.ensure_client(account)
+        if client is None:
+            error = "还没有填写模拟盘 key"
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.data = await self.fetch(client, symbols)
+                self.synced_at = datetime.now(UTC)
+            except ExchangeError as e:
+                logger.warning("同步模拟盘失败：%s", e)
+                error = str(e)
+        status = {
+            "updated_at": datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
+            "synced_at": self.synced_at.isoformat() if self.synced_at else None,
+            "error": error,
+            **(self.data or {"account": None, "positions": [], "orders": [], "algo_orders": []}),
+        }
+        await redis.set(STATUS_KEY, json.dumps(status), ex=STATUS_TTL_SECONDS)
+
+
+async def snapshot_loop() -> None:
+    snapshot = Snapshot()
+    while True:
+        try:
+            await snapshot.publish()
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("发布快照失败，稍后重试")
+        await asyncio.sleep(SNAPSHOT_SECONDS)
+
+
+async def main() -> None:
+    # 分析器和执行器在后续里程碑加入同一个 TaskGroup
+    async with asyncio.TaskGroup() as tg:
+        tg.create_task(snapshot_loop())
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(name)s: %(message)s")
+    logging.getLogger("httpx").setLevel(logging.WARNING)
+    asyncio.run(main())