diff --git a/web/src/app/MobileToolbar.vue b/web/src/app/MobileToolbar.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d1fe45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/src/app/MobileToolbar.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { indentLess, indentMore, redo, undo } from '@codemirror/commands'
+import type { EditorView } from '@codemirror/view'
+import { onBeforeUnmount, onMounted, ref } from 'vue'
+import { cycleHeading, insertLink, toggleBlock, toggleBold, toggleCode, toggleItalic, toggleStrike } from '../editor/format'
+import Icon from './Icon.vue'
+import { editorView, insertImagesFromPicker } from './workspace'
+
+// 手机键盘上方的 Markdown 工具条：只在触屏设备上、编辑器获得焦点（软键盘弹出）时显示。
+// 按钮在 mousedown 时阻止默认行为，焦点留在编辑器中，键盘不会收起
+// （不能在 pointerdown 上阻止：WebKit 会因此不再触发 click）
+const visible = ref(false)
+const coarse = matchMedia('(pointer: coarse)')
+
+const BUTTONS: { label: string; title: string; run: (v: EditorView) => unknown; cls?: string }[] = [
+  { label: 'H', title: '标题', run: cycleHeading, cls: 'bold' },
+  { label: 'B', title: '粗体', run: toggleBold, cls: 'bold' },
+  { label: 'I', title: '斜体', run: toggleItalic, cls: 'italic' },
+  { label: 'S', title: '删除线', run: toggleStrike, cls: 'strike' },
+  { label: '•', title: '无序列表', run: toggleBlock('bullet') },
+  { label: '1.', title: '有序列表', run: toggleBlock('ordered') },
+  { label: '☐', title: '任务列表', run: toggleBlock('task') },
+  { label: '❝', title: '引用', run: toggleBlock('quote') },
+  { label: '`', title: '行内代码', run: toggleCode, cls: 'mono' },
+  { label: '🔗', title: '链接', run: insertLink },
+  { label: '🖼', title: '插入图片', run: () => insertImagesFromPicker() },
+  { label: '⇥', title: '缩进', run: indentMore },
+  { label: '⇤', title: '取消缩进', run: indentLess },
+  { label: '↶', title: '撤销', run: undo },
+  { label: '↷', title: '重做', run: redo },
+]
+
+function run(fn: (v: EditorView) => unknown) {
+  const v = editorView()
+  if (v) fn(v)
+}
+
+function hideKeyboard() {
+  editorView()?.contentDOM.blur()
+}
+
+// 焦点从编辑器移到别处时，focusout 先于新元素获得焦点，等一帧再判断
+function sync() {
+  requestAnimationFrame(() => (visible.value = coarse.matches && !!editorView()?.hasFocus))
+}
+
+onMounted(() => {
+  document.addEventListener('focusin', sync)
+  document.addEventListener('focusout', sync)
+})
+onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+  document.removeEventListener('focusin', sync)
+  document.removeEventListener('focusout', sync)
+})
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div v-if="visible" class="rm-format-bar" role="toolbar" aria-label="格式">
+    <div class="rm-format-scroll">
+      <button
+        v-for="b in BUTTONS"
+        :key="b.title"
+        type="button"
+        tabindex="-1"
+        :class="b.cls"
+        :title="b.title"
+        :aria-label="b.title"
+        @mousedown.prevent
+        @click="run(b.run)"
+      >
+        {{ b.label }}
+      </button>
+    </div>
+    <button type="button" tabindex="-1" class="rm-format-hide" title="收起键盘" aria-label="收起键盘" @mousedown.prevent @click="hideKeyboard">
+      <Icon name="chevron" class="down" />
+    </button>
+  </div>
+</template>
diff --git a/web/src/app/MoveDialog.vue b/web/src/app/MoveDialog.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfb793c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/src/app/MoveDialog.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { computed, onMounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import { fuzzyMatch, segments } from './fuzzy'
+import Icon from './Icon.vue'
+import { basename, dirname, joinPath, noteTitle } from './paths'
+import { move, ws } from './workspace'
+
+// 「移动到…」：选择目标文件夹（手机上没有拖放，电脑上也比拖放快）
+const props = defineProps<{ path: string }>()
+const emit = defineEmits<{ close: [] }>()
+
+const input = ref<HTMLInputElement>()
+const list = ref<HTMLElement>()
+const query = ref('')
+const selected = ref(0)
+const isDir = computed(() => ws.entries.some((e) => e.path === props.path && e.dir))
+const title = computed(() => (isDir.value ? basename(props.path) : noteTitle(props.path)))
+
+// 可选的目标：根目录与所有文件夹；排除当前所在的文件夹，移动文件夹时还要排除它自己及其子文件夹
+const targets = computed(() => {
+  const here = dirname(props.path)
+  const inside = (d: string) => isDir.value && (d === props.path || d.startsWith(props.path + '/'))
+  const dirs = ws.entries.filter((e) => e.dir && e.path !== here && !inside(e.path)).map((e) => e.path)
+  return here === '' ? dirs : ['', ...dirs]
+})
+
+const items = computed(() => {
+  const q = query.value.trim()
+  if (!q) return [...targets.value].sort((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b, 'zh-CN')).map((path) => ({ path, hits: new Set<number>() }))
+  return targets.value
+    .filter((p) => p !== '')
+    .map((path) => ({ path, m: fuzzyMatch(q, path, path.lastIndexOf('/') + 1) }))
+    .filter((x) => x.m)
+    .sort((a, b) => b.m!.score - a.m!.score)
+    .map((x) => ({ path: x.path, hits: new Set(x.m!.positions) }))
+})
+
+watch(query, () => (selected.value = 0))
+watch(selected, (i) => list.value?.children[i]?.scrollIntoView({ block: 'nearest' }))
+
+function choose(i: number) {
+  const target = items.value[i]
+  if (!target) return
+  emit('close')
+  void move(props.path, joinPath(target.path, basename(props.path)))
+}
+
+function onKeydown(e: KeyboardEvent) {
+  const n = items.value.length
+  if (e.key === 'Escape') emit('close')
+  else if (e.key === 'ArrowDown' && n) selected.value = (selected.value + 1) % n
+  else if (e.key === 'ArrowUp' && n) selected.value = (selected.value - 1 + n) % n
+  else if (e.key === 'Enter' && !e.isComposing && n) choose(selected.value)
+  else return
+  e.preventDefault()
+}
+
+onMounted(() => {
+  // 触屏设备上不自动弹出键盘，文件夹不多时直接点选更方便
+  if (!matchMedia('(pointer: coarse)').matches) input.value?.focus()
+})
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div class="rm-switcher-backdrop" @mousedown.self="emit('close')">
+    <div class="rm-switcher" role="dialog" :aria-label="`移动“${title}”`">
+      <div class="rm-search-box">
+        <Icon name="folder" />
+        <input ref="input" v-model="query" class="rm-search-input" :placeholder="`把“${title}”移动到…`" enterkeyhint="go" @keydown="onKeydown" />
+        <button class="rm-icon-btn" title="取消" @click="emit('close')"><Icon name="close" /></button>
+      </div>
+      <ul v-if="items.length" ref="list" class="rm-switcher-list">
+        <li
+          v-for="(item, i) in items"
+          :key="item.path"
+          class="rm-switcher-item"
+          :class="{ active: i === selected }"
+          @click="choose(i)"
+          @mousemove="selected = i"
+        >
+          <Icon name="folder" />
+          <span class="rm-switcher-title">
+            <template v-if="item.path === ''">根目录</template>
+            <span v-for="(s, j) in segments(item.path, item.hits)" v-else :key="j" :class="{ 'rm-search-hit': s.hit }">{{ s.text }}</span>
+          </span>
+        </li>
+      </ul>
+      <p v-else class="rm-tree-empty">没有可移动到的文件夹</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
diff --git a/web/src/app/QuickSwitcher.vue b/web/src/app/QuickSwitcher.vue
index da90c83..63cf23c 100644
--- a/web/src/app/QuickSwitcher.vue
+++ b/web/src/app/QuickSwitcher.vue
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, onMounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
 import { availableCommands, formatKeys } from './commands'
-import { fuzzyMatch } from './fuzzy'
+import { fuzzyMatch, segments } from './fuzzy'
 import Icon from './Icon.vue'
 import { dirname, NOTE_EXT, noteTitle } from './paths'
 import { createNoteAt, openAt, ws } from './workspace'
@@ -39,18 +39,6 @@ function cancel() {
   previousFocus?.focus()
 }
 
-/** 按命中与否把文本切成连续片段 */
-function segments(text: string, hits: Set<number>) {
-  const out: { text: string; hit: boolean }[] = []
-  for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
-    const hit = hits.has(i)
-    const last = out[out.length - 1]
-    if (last?.hit === hit) last.text += text[i]
-    else out.push({ text: text[i], hit })
-  }
-  return out
-}
-
 function noteItems(q: string): Item[] {
   const recentRank = new Map(ws.recent.map((p, i) => [p, i]))
   const notes = ws.entries.filter((e) => !e.dir)
diff --git a/web/src/app/SettingsDialog.vue b/web/src/app/SettingsDialog.vue
index 4fc46b8..d34dc85 100644
--- a/web/src/app/SettingsDialog.vue
+++ b/web/src/app/SettingsDialog.vue
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ const SECTIONS: { id: SettingsSection; title: string; icon: IconName }[] = [
 
 // 编辑器内置的按键（不在命令注册表中）
 const EDITOR_KEYS = [
+  { title: '粗体', keys: 'Mod+B' },
+  { title: '斜体', keys: 'Mod+I' },
+  { title: '插入链接', keys: 'Mod+K' },
   { title: '撤销', keys: 'Mod+Z' },
   { title: '重做', keys: 'Mod+Shift+Z' },
   { title: '缩进 / 取消缩进', keys: 'Tab / Shift+Tab' },
diff --git a/web/src/app/TreeNode.vue b/web/src/app/TreeNode.vue
index 2841157..c8d64fb 100644
--- a/web/src/app/TreeNode.vue
+++ b/web/src/app/TreeNode.vue
@@ -15,7 +15,36 @@ const dropTarget = ref(false)
 const input = ref<HTMLInputElement>()
 const draft = ref('')
 
+// 长按打开菜单：Android 会触发 contextmenu，iOS Safari 不会，统一用触摸计时
+const LONG_PRESS_MS = 500
+let pressTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined
+let pressStart: { x: number; y: number } | null = null
+let longPressed = false
+
+function onTouchStart(e: TouchEvent) {
+  longPressed = false
+  pressStart = { x: e.touches[0].clientX, y: e.touches[0].clientY }
+  pressTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+    longPressed = true
+    menuOpen.value = true
+  }, LONG_PRESS_MS)
+}
+
+function onTouchMove(e: TouchEvent) {
+  if (pressStart && Math.hypot(e.touches[0].clientX - pressStart.x, e.touches[0].clientY - pressStart.y) > 10) cancelPress()
+}
+
+function cancelPress() {
+  clearTimeout(pressTimer)
+  pressStart = null
+}
+
 function activate() {
+  // 长按后松手产生的点击不打开笔记
+  if (longPressed) {
+    longPressed = false
+    return
+  }
   if (props.node.dir) {
     if (isOpen.value) expanded.delete(props.node.path)
     else expanded.add(props.node.path)
@@ -41,7 +70,7 @@ function commitRename() {
   if (target && target !== props.node.path) void move(props.node.path, target)
 }
 
-function runMenu(action: 'note' | 'folder' | 'rename' | 'share' | 'delete') {
+function runMenu(action: 'note' | 'folder' | 'rename' | 'move' | 'share' | 'delete') {
   menuOpen.value = false
   const path = props.node.path
   if (action === 'note' || action === 'folder') {
@@ -49,6 +78,7 @@ function runMenu(action: 'note' | 'folder' | 'rename' | 'share' | 'delete') {
     void (action === 'note' ? createNote(path) : createFolder(path))
   } else if (action === 'rename') ws.renaming = path
   else if (action === 'share') ws.sharing = path
+  else if (action === 'move') ws.moving = path
   else void remove(path)
 }
 
@@ -89,6 +119,10 @@ function onDrop(e: DragEvent) {
       :draggable="!isRenaming"
       @click="activate"
       @contextmenu.prevent="menuOpen = true"
+      @touchstart.passive="onTouchStart"
+      @touchmove.passive="onTouchMove"
+      @touchend="cancelPress"
+      @touchcancel="cancelPress"
       @dragstart="onDragStart"
       @dragover="onDragOver"
       @dragleave="dropTarget = false"
@@ -115,6 +149,7 @@ function onDrop(e: DragEvent) {
           <button @click="runMenu('folder')"><Icon name="folderAdd" />新建文件夹</button>
         </template>
         <button @click="runMenu('rename')"><Icon name="edit" />重命名</button>
+        <button @click="runMenu('move')"><Icon name="folder" />移动到…</button>
         <button v-if="!node.dir" @click="runMenu('share')"><Icon name="link" />分享</button>
         <button class="danger" @click="runMenu('delete')"><Icon name="trash" />删除</button>
       </div>
diff --git a/web/src/app/Workspace.vue b/web/src/app/Workspace.vue
index 61b9553..8d127c1 100644
--- a/web/src/app/Workspace.vue
+++ b/web/src/app/Workspace.vue
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { api } from './api'
 import { registerCommand } from './commands'
 import EditorPane from './EditorPane.vue'
 import Icon from './Icon.vue'
+import MobileToolbar from './MobileToolbar.vue'
+import MoveDialog from './MoveDialog.vue'
 import NoteBanner from './NoteBanner.vue'
 import QuickSwitcher from './QuickSwitcher.vue'
 import SettingsDialog from './SettingsDialog.vue'
@@ -65,9 +67,11 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
       <TabBar />
       <NoteBanner />
       <EditorPane />
+      <MobileToolbar />
     </main>
     <QuickSwitcher v-if="ws.switcher !== null" />
     <SettingsDialog v-if="ws.settings" />
     <ShareDialog v-if="ws.sharing" :path="ws.sharing" @close="ws.sharing = null" />
+    <MoveDialog v-if="ws.moving" :path="ws.moving" @close="ws.moving = null" />
   </div>
 </template>
diff --git a/web/src/app/app.css b/web/src/app/app.css
index 7a6d90e..b13fa2c 100644
--- a/web/src/app/app.css
+++ b/web/src/app/app.css
@@ -21,10 +21,13 @@
 }
 
 html,
-body,
-#app {
+body {
   height: 100%;
 }
+/* 软键盘弹出时为可视区域高度，见 viewport.ts */
+#app {
+  height: var(--rm-app-height, 100%);
+}
 body {
   overflow: hidden;
   -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
@@ -132,6 +135,8 @@ button {
   user-select: none;
 }
 .rm-tree-row:hover { background: var(--rm-hover); }
+/* 长按由应用处理，不弹出 iOS 的系统菜单 */
+.rm-tree-row { -webkit-touch-callout: none; }
 .rm-tree-row.active { background: var(--rm-active); color: var(--rm-accent-strong); }
 .rm-tree-row.drop { outline: 2px solid var(--rm-accent); outline-offset: -2px; }
 .rm-tree-chevron { display: inline-flex; width: 14px; color: var(--rm-text-muted); transition: transform 0.15s; }
@@ -378,6 +383,19 @@ button {
 .rm-token-created p { margin: 0 0 6px; }
 .rm-token-value { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }
 .rm-token-value code { flex: 1; min-width: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; font-family: var(--rm-font-mono); font-size: 12px; user-select: all; }
+/* ---- 手机键盘上方的格式工具条 ---- */
+.rm-format-bar { flex: none; display: flex; height: 44px; border-top: 1px solid var(--rm-divider); background: var(--rm-sidebar-bg); }
+.rm-format-scroll { flex: 1; display: flex; overflow-x: auto; scrollbar-width: none; }
+.rm-format-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
+.rm-format-bar button { flex: none; min-width: 44px; height: 44px; padding: 0 6px; border: 0; background: none; color: var(--rm-text); font-size: 17px; touch-action: manipulation; }
+.rm-format-bar button:active { background: var(--rm-hover); }
+.rm-format-bar .bold { font-weight: 700; }
+.rm-format-bar .italic { font-style: italic; font-family: Georgia, serif; }
+.rm-format-bar .strike { text-decoration: line-through; }
+.rm-format-bar .mono { font-family: var(--rm-font-mono); }
+.rm-format-hide { border-left: 1px solid var(--rm-divider) !important; }
+.down { transform: rotate(90deg); }
+
 /* ---- 设置 ---- */
 .rm-settings { flex-direction: row; max-width: 820px; height: min(640px, 85vh); max-height: none; overflow: hidden; }
 .rm-settings-nav { flex: none; width: 190px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; padding: 0 8px 12px; border-right: 1px solid var(--rm-divider); overflow-y: auto; }
diff --git a/web/src/app/fuzzy.ts b/web/src/app/fuzzy.ts
index f36f5a7..5f65533 100644
--- a/web/src/app/fuzzy.ts
+++ b/web/src/app/fuzzy.ts
@@ -53,3 +53,15 @@ export function fuzzyMatch(query: string, target: string, titleStart: number): F
   if (lower.slice(titleStart) === query.trim().toLowerCase()) score += 1000
   return { score, positions: [...positions].sort((a, b) => a - b) }
 }
+
+/** 按命中与否把文本切成连续片段，用于高亮 */
+export function segments(text: string, hits: Set<number>) {
+  const out: { text: string; hit: boolean }[] = []
+  for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
+    const hit = hits.has(i)
+    const last = out[out.length - 1]
+    if (last?.hit === hit) last.text += text[i]
+    else out.push({ text: text[i], hit })
+  }
+  return out
+}
diff --git a/web/src/app/viewport.ts b/web/src/app/viewport.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f024e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/src/app/viewport.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// 软键盘弹出时，iOS Safari 与新版 Android Chrome 只缩小可视区域、页面高度不变，
+// 编辑器底部（光标、键盘上方的工具条）会被键盘挡住。把应用高度设为可视区域的高度。
+// 双指缩放也会改变可视区域，缩放时不调整
+export function trackVisualViewport(onShrink: () => void) {
+  const vv = window.visualViewport
+  if (!vv) return
+  let last = vv.height
+  const update = () => {
+    const height = vv.scale > 1.01 ? null : vv.height
+    document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--rm-app-height', height === null ? '100%' : `${height}px`)
+    // iOS 会把页面整体上推以露出输入位置，应用高度已经适配，推回原位
+    if (height !== null && vv.offsetTop > 0) window.scrollTo(0, 0)
+    if (height !== null && height < last) requestAnimationFrame(onShrink)
+    last = vv.height
+  }
+  vv.addEventListener('resize', update)
+  vv.addEventListener('scroll', update)
+  update()
+}
diff --git a/web/src/app/workspace.ts b/web/src/app/workspace.ts
index 77f3ef1..5e08849 100644
--- a/web/src/app/workspace.ts
+++ b/web/src/app/workspace.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 import { Annotation, Transaction, type EditorState } from '@codemirror/state'
 import { EditorView } from '@codemirror/view'
 import { nextTick, reactive, watch } from 'vue'
-import { createEditorState, pasteImages } from '../editor'
+import { createEditorState, insertImageFiles, pasteImages } from '../editor'
 import { handleShortcut, registerCommand } from './commands'
 import { api, ApiError, type Entry } from './api'
 import { drafts } from './drafts'
 import { connectEvents, type VaultEvent } from './events'
 import { basename, dirname, joinPath, NOTE_EXT, resolveAssetUrl } from './paths'
 import { loadSettings, settings } from './settings'
+import { trackVisualViewport } from './viewport'
 
 export type TabStatus = 'loading' | 'ready' | 'conflict' | 'deleted' | 'error'
 
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@ export const ws = reactive({
   settings: null as SettingsSection | 'index' | null,
   // 分享当前笔记的对话框（笔记路径）
   sharing: null as string | null,
+  // 「移动到…」对话框（笔记或文件夹路径）
+  moving: null as string | null,
   // 最近打开的笔记，最新的在前
   recent: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(RECENT_KEY) ?? '[]') as string[],
   toasts: [] as Toast[],
@@ -116,6 +119,26 @@ export function attachView(v: EditorView | null) {
   view = v
 }
 
+/** 当前显示的编辑器视图（手机工具条等需要直接操作编辑器） */
+export function editorView(): EditorView | null {
+  return view
+}
+
+/** 从相册/文件中选择图片插入到光标处 */
+export function insertImagesFromPicker() {
+  const v = view
+  const tab = activeTab()
+  if (!v || tab?.status !== 'ready') return
+  const input = document.createElement('input')
+  input.type = 'file'
+  input.accept = 'image/*'
+  input.multiple = true
+  input.addEventListener('change', () => {
+    if (input.files?.length && view === v) insertImageFiles(v, [...input.files])
+  })
+  input.click()
+}
+
 export function editorStateOf(path: string): EditorState | undefined {
   return editorStates.get(path)
 }
@@ -750,6 +773,10 @@ export async function startWorkspace() {
   })
   window.addEventListener('pagehide', () => void flushAll(true))
   window.addEventListener('keydown', handleShortcut)
+  // 软键盘弹出、编辑区变矮后，让光标保持可见
+  trackVisualViewport(() => {
+    if (view?.hasFocus) view.dispatch({ effects: EditorView.scrollIntoView(view.state.selection.main.head, { y: 'nearest', yMargin: 24 }) })
+  })
 }
 
 // 内置命令不依赖工作区状态，模块载入时注册，排在组件注册的命令（如退出登录）之前
@@ -769,7 +796,9 @@ function registerBuiltinCommands() {
     { id: 'folder.new', title: '新建文件夹', run: () => withSidebar(() => createFolder('')) },
     { id: 'note.save', title: '保存当前笔记', keys: ['Mod+S'], when: hasNote, run: () => void flush(ws.active!) },
     { id: 'note.rename', title: '重命名当前笔记', when: hasNote, run: () => withSidebar(() => (ws.renaming = ws.active)) },
+    { id: 'note.move', title: '移动当前笔记到…', when: hasNote, run: () => (ws.moving = ws.active) },
     { id: 'note.delete', title: '删除当前笔记', when: hasNote, run: () => void remove(ws.active!) },
+    { id: 'note.insertImage', title: '插入图片…', when: hasNote, run: insertImagesFromPicker },
     // 浏览器不允许网页覆盖 Ctrl+W
     { id: 'tab.close', title: '关闭当前标签页', when: hasNote, run: () => void closeTab(ws.active!) },
     { id: 'app.settings', title: '设置', keys: ['Mod+,'], run: () => (ws.settings = 'index') },
diff --git a/web/src/editor/format.test.ts b/web/src/editor/format.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f5dd38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/src/editor/format.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import { EditorSelection, EditorState } from '@codemirror/state'
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { cycleHeading, insertLink, toggleBlock, toggleBold, toggleCode, toggleItalic, type FormatCommand } from './format'
+
+// 用 | 标记光标、[ ] 标记选区，执行命令后以同样的形式返回结果
+function run(cmd: FormatCommand, doc: string): string {
+  const ranges: { anchor: number; head: number }[] = []
+  let text = ''
+  let start = -1
+  for (const ch of doc) {
+    if (ch === '|') ranges.push({ anchor: text.length, head: text.length })
+    else if (ch === '[' && start < 0 && doc.includes(']')) start = text.length
+    else if (ch === ']' && start >= 0) {
+      ranges.push({ anchor: start, head: text.length })
+      start = -2
+    } else text += ch
+  }
+  let state = EditorState.create({
+    doc: text,
+    selection: EditorSelection.create(ranges.map((r) => EditorSelection.range(r.anchor, r.head))),
+    extensions: EditorState.allowMultipleSelections.of(true),
+  })
+  cmd({ state, dispatch: (spec) => (state = state.update(spec).state) })
+  let out = state.doc.toString()
+  for (const r of [...state.selection.ranges].reverse()) {
+    out = r.empty ? out.slice(0, r.from) + '|' + out.slice(r.from) : out.slice(0, r.from) + '[' + out.slice(r.from, r.to) + ']' + out.slice(r.to)
+  }
+  return out
+}
+
+describe('行内标记', () => {
+  it('加上与去掉', () => {
+    expect(run(toggleBold, 'a [bc] d')).toBe('a **[bc]** d')
+    expect(run(toggleBold, 'a **[bc]** d')).toBe('a [bc] d')
+    expect(run(toggleBold, 'a [**bc**] d')).toBe('a [bc] d')
+    expect(run(toggleCode, 'x|')).toBe('x`|`')
+  })
+  it('粗体与斜体叠加', () => {
+    expect(run(toggleItalic, '**[x]**')).toBe('***[x]***')
+    expect(run(toggleItalic, '***[x]***')).toBe('**[x]**')
+    expect(run(toggleBold, '***[x]***')).toBe('*[x]*')
+    expect(run(toggleBold, '*[x]*')).toBe('***[x]***')
+  })
+})
+
+describe('行首标记', () => {
+  it('列表、任务、引用：同类再按去掉，异类替换', () => {
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('bullet'), 'a|')).toBe('- a|')
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('bullet'), '- a|')).toBe('a|')
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('task'), '- a|')).toBe('- [ ] a|')
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('quote'), '## 标题|')).toBe('> 标题|')
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('bullet'), '|')).toBe('- |')
+  })
+  it('多行：有序列表按行编号，保留缩进', () => {
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('ordered'), '[a\n  b\nc]')).toBe('[1. a\n  2. b\n3. c]')
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('ordered'), '[1. a\n2. b]')).toBe('[a\nb]')
+    // 部分行已是该类型时统一加上
+    expect(run(toggleBlock('bullet'), '[- a\nb]')).toBe('[- a\n- b]')
+  })
+  it('标题循环', () => {
+    expect(run(cycleHeading, '标题|')).toBe('# 标题|')
+    expect(run(cycleHeading, '# 标题|')).toBe('## 标题|')
+    expect(run(cycleHeading, '### 标题|')).toBe('标题|')
+    expect(run(cycleHeading, '- 项|')).toBe('# 项|')
+  })
+})
+
+it('链接', () => {
+  expect(run(insertLink, '看 [文档] 吧')).toBe('看 [文档](|) 吧')
+  expect(run(insertLink, '看|')).toBe('看[|]()')
+})
diff --git a/web/src/editor/format.ts b/web/src/editor/format.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..116e500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/src/editor/format.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Markdown 格式命令：电脑上的快捷键与手机键盘上方的工具条共用
+import { EditorSelection, type ChangeSpec, type EditorState, type TransactionSpec } from '@codemirror/state'
+
+/** 只依赖状态与派发，便于在没有 DOM 的环境中测试 */
+export interface FormatTarget {
+  readonly state: EditorState
+  dispatch(spec: TransactionSpec): void
+}
+export type FormatCommand = (target: FormatTarget) => boolean
+
+/**
+ * 切换行内标记（粗体 **、斜体 *、删除线 ~~、行内代码 `）：选区两侧或选区首尾已有该标记时去掉，否则加上；
+ * 没有选中文字时插入一对标记，光标放在中间
+ */
+export function toggleInline(mark: string): FormatCommand {
+  const n = mark.length
+  const ch = mark[0]
+  // 选区两侧连续的标记字符数；* 同时用于斜体与粗体：*** 两者都有，单数个才有斜体
+  const runLength = (state: EditorState, pos: number, dir: 1 | -1) => {
+    let k = 0
+    while (state.sliceDoc(dir > 0 ? pos + k : pos - k - 1, dir > 0 ? pos + k + 1 : pos - k) === ch) k++
+    return k
+  }
+  const wrapped = (state: EditorState, from: number, to: number) => {
+    const k = Math.min(runLength(state, from, -1), runLength(state, to, 1))
+    return mark === '*' ? k % 2 === 1 : k >= n
+  }
+  return ({ state, dispatch }) => {
+    const tr = state.changeByRange((r) => {
+      if (wrapped(state, r.from, r.to)) {
+        return {
+          changes: [
+            { from: r.from - n, to: r.from },
+            { from: r.to, to: r.to + n },
+          ],
+          range: EditorSelection.range(r.from - n, r.to - n),
+        }
+      }
+      const text = state.sliceDoc(r.from, r.to)
+      if (text.length >= 2 * n && text.startsWith(mark) && text.endsWith(mark)) {
+        return { changes: { from: r.from, to: r.to, insert: text.slice(n, -n) }, range: EditorSelection.range(r.from, r.to - 2 * n) }
+      }
+      return {
+        changes: [
+          { from: r.from, insert: mark },
+          { from: r.to, insert: mark },
+        ],
+        range: EditorSelection.range(r.from + n, r.to + n),
+      }
+    })
+    dispatch({ ...tr, scrollIntoView: true, userEvent: 'input.format' })
+    return true
+  }
+}
+
+// 行首的块标记：缩进 + 标题 / 任务 / 无序列表 / 有序列表 / 引用（每行只识别一个）
+const LINE_PREFIX = /^(\s*)(#{1,6} |[-*+] \[[ xX]\] |[-*+] |\d+[.)] |> )?/
+
+type PrefixKind = 'heading' | 'task' | 'bullet' | 'ordered' | 'quote'
+
+function kindOf(prefix: string): PrefixKind | null {
+  if (!prefix) return null
+  if (prefix.startsWith('#')) return 'heading'
+  if (prefix.startsWith('>')) return 'quote'
+  if (/^\d/.test(prefix)) return 'ordered'
+  return prefix.includes('[') ? 'task' : 'bullet'
+}
+
+/** 改写选区涉及的每一行的行首标记；next 返回新的标记 */
+function editPrefixes({ state, dispatch }: FormatTarget, next: (kinds: (PrefixKind | null)[], index: number) => string): boolean {
+  const lineNumbers = new Set<number>()
+  for (const r of state.selection.ranges) {
+    for (let l = state.doc.lineAt(r.from).number, end = state.doc.lineAt(r.to).number; l <= end; l++) lineNumbers.add(l)
+  }
+  const lines = [...lineNumbers].sort((a, b) => a - b).map((l) => state.doc.line(l))
+  const matches = lines.map((line) => LINE_PREFIX.exec(line.text)!)
+  const kinds = matches.map((m) => kindOf(m[2] ?? ''))
+  const specs: ChangeSpec[] = lines.map((line, i) => {
+    const from = line.from + matches[i][1].length
+    const current = matches[i][2] ?? ''
+    return { from, to: from + current.length, insert: next(kinds, i) }
+  })
+  const changes = state.changes(specs)
+  // 光标在行首时随新插入的标记后移；选区则向两端扩展，把新标记包含在内
+  const selection = EditorSelection.create(
+    state.selection.ranges.map((r) => {
+      if (r.empty) return EditorSelection.cursor(changes.mapPos(r.head, 1))
+      const [lo, hi] = [changes.mapPos(r.from, -1), changes.mapPos(r.to, 1)]
+      return r.anchor <= r.head ? EditorSelection.range(lo, hi) : EditorSelection.range(hi, lo)
+    }),
+    state.selection.mainIndex,
+  )
+  dispatch({ changes, selection, scrollIntoView: true, userEvent: 'input.format' })
+  return true
+}
+
+/** 切换列表或引用：所选各行都已是该类型时去掉，否则全部改为该类型（替换原有的其他块标记） */
+export function toggleBlock(kind: Exclude<PrefixKind, 'heading'>): FormatCommand {
+  return (target) =>
+    editPrefixes(target, (kinds, i) => {
+      if (kinds.every((k) => k === kind)) return ''
+      return { task: '- [ ] ', bullet: '- ', ordered: `${i + 1}. `, quote: '> ' }[kind]
+    })
+}
+
+/** 标题级别循环：正文 → 一级 → 二级 → 三级 → 正文；以第一行为准 */
+export const cycleHeading: FormatCommand = (target) => {
+  const first = LINE_PREFIX.exec(target.state.doc.lineAt(target.state.selection.main.from).text)![2] ?? ''
+  const level = kindOf(first) === 'heading' ? first.length - 1 : 0
+  const prefix = level >= 3 ? '' : '#'.repeat(level + 1) + ' '
+  return editPrefixes(target, () => prefix)
+}
+
+/** 插入链接：选中文字作为链接文字，光标放到地址处；没有选中时光标放在文字处 */
+export const insertLink: FormatCommand = ({ state, dispatch }) => {
+  const tr = state.changeByRange((r) => {
+    const text = state.sliceDoc(r.from, r.to)
+    const insert = `[${text}]()`
+    const cursor = text ? r.from + insert.length - 1 : r.from + 1
+    return { changes: { from: r.from, to: r.to, insert }, range: EditorSelection.cursor(cursor) }
+  })
+  dispatch({ ...tr, scrollIntoView: true, userEvent: 'input.format' })
+  return true
+}
+
+export const toggleBold = toggleInline('**')
+export const toggleItalic = toggleInline('*')
+export const toggleStrike = toggleInline('~~')
+export const toggleCode = toggleInline('`')
diff --git a/web/src/editor/index.ts b/web/src/editor/index.ts
index 27ef1d4..ce6ae4e 100644
--- a/web/src/editor/index.ts
+++ b/web/src/editor/index.ts
@@ -8,11 +8,12 @@ import { typoraExtensions } from '../markdown/extensions'
 import { renderedBlocks } from './blocks'
 import { codeBlockHighlight } from './codeblocks'
 import { editorFocus } from './focus'
+import { insertLink, toggleBold, toggleItalic } from './format'
 import { livePreview, resolveImageUrl } from './livepreview'
 import { tableEditing } from './table'
 import { markdownTheme } from './theme'
 
-export { pasteImages } from './paste'
+export { insertImageFiles, pasteImages } from './paste'
 
 // 在 lang-markdown 的语法集（CommonMark + GFM + 上下标 + emoji）上加 Typora 扩展。
 // 沿用其语言数据，markdownKeymap 中的命令据此识别 Markdown（isActiveAt 按语言数据判断）
@@ -41,6 +42,14 @@ export function createEditorState(opts: EditorStateOptions): EditorState {
     // 首屏包 gzip 从约 108 KB 增至约 180 KB，而 Live Preview 不需要 HTML 高亮
     rawmarkLanguage,
     Prec.high(keymap.of(markdownKeymap)),
+    // 与 Typora 一致的格式快捷键
+    Prec.high(
+      keymap.of([
+        { key: 'Mod-b', run: toggleBold, preventDefault: true },
+        { key: 'Mod-i', run: toggleItalic, preventDefault: true },
+        { key: 'Mod-k', run: insertLink, preventDefault: true },
+      ]),
+    ),
     markdownTheme,
     livePreview,
     codeBlockHighlight,
diff --git a/web/src/editor/paste.ts b/web/src/editor/paste.ts
index 4f7469f..03b1739 100644
--- a/web/src/editor/paste.ts
+++ b/web/src/editor/paste.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Extension } from '@codemirror/state'
+import { Facet, type Extension } from '@codemirror/state'
 import { EditorView } from '@codemirror/view'
 
 export interface PasteImagesOptions {
@@ -9,56 +9,67 @@ export interface PasteImagesOptions {
   onPending: (delta: 1 | -1) => void
 }
 
-// 粘贴或拖入图片：先用 blob: 地址插入占位，立即显示；上传完成后替换为正式链接
-export function pasteImages(opts: PasteImagesOptions): Extension {
-  const insert = (view: EditorView, files: File[], pos?: number) => {
-    const images = files.filter((f) => f.type.startsWith('image/'))
-    if (!images.length) return false
-    const urls = images.map((f) => URL.createObjectURL(f))
-    const text = urls.map((u) => `![](${u})`).join('\n')
-    const range = view.state.selection.main
-    const from = pos ?? range.from
-    const to = pos ?? range.to
-    view.dispatch({
-      changes: { from, to, insert: text },
-      selection: { anchor: from + text.length },
-      userEvent: 'input.paste',
-    })
-    images.forEach((file, i) => {
-      opts.onPending(1)
-      opts
-        .upload(file)
-        .then((link) => replaceUrl(view, urls[i], link))
-        .catch((err) => {
-          removePlaceholder(view, urls[i])
-          opts.onError(err)
-        })
-        .finally(() => {
-          opts.onPending(-1)
-          URL.revokeObjectURL(urls[i])
-        })
-    })
-    return true
-  }
-  return EditorView.domEventHandlers({
-    paste(e, view) {
-      // 个别浏览器/来源只在 items 中提供图片
-      let files = [...(e.clipboardData?.files ?? [])]
-      if (!files.length) {
-        files = [...(e.clipboardData?.items ?? [])].filter((i) => i.kind === 'file').map((i) => i.getAsFile()).filter((f) => f !== null)
-      }
-      if (!insert(view, files)) return false
-      e.preventDefault()
-      return true
-    },
-    drop(e, view) {
-      const files = [...(e.dataTransfer?.files ?? [])]
-      const pos = view.posAtCoords(e)
-      if (!files.length || !insert(view, files, pos ?? undefined)) return false
-      e.preventDefault()
-      return true
-    },
+const uploadOptions = Facet.define<PasteImagesOptions, PasteImagesOptions | undefined>({ combine: (v) => v[0] })
+
+/**
+ * 插入图片文件（粘贴、拖入、从相册选择共用）：先用 blob: 地址插入占位，立即显示；上传完成后替换为正式链接。
+ * 返回是否有图片被插入；编辑器未配置上传（pasteImages）时不处理
+ */
+export function insertImageFiles(view: EditorView, files: File[], pos?: number): boolean {
+  const opts = view.state.facet(uploadOptions)
+  const images = files.filter((f) => f.type.startsWith('image/'))
+  if (!opts || !images.length) return false
+  const urls = images.map((f) => URL.createObjectURL(f))
+  const text = urls.map((u) => `![](${u})`).join('\n')
+  const range = view.state.selection.main
+  const from = pos ?? range.from
+  const to = pos ?? range.to
+  view.dispatch({
+    changes: { from, to, insert: text },
+    selection: { anchor: from + text.length },
+    userEvent: 'input.paste',
   })
+  images.forEach((file, i) => {
+    opts.onPending(1)
+    opts
+      .upload(file)
+      .then((link) => replaceUrl(view, urls[i], link))
+      .catch((err) => {
+        removePlaceholder(view, urls[i])
+        opts.onError(err)
+      })
+      .finally(() => {
+        opts.onPending(-1)
+        URL.revokeObjectURL(urls[i])
+      })
+  })
+  return true
+}
+
+// 粘贴或拖入图片
+export function pasteImages(opts: PasteImagesOptions): Extension {
+  return [
+    uploadOptions.of(opts),
+    EditorView.domEventHandlers({
+      paste(e, view) {
+        // 个别浏览器/来源只在 items 中提供图片
+        let files = [...(e.clipboardData?.files ?? [])]
+        if (!files.length) {
+          files = [...(e.clipboardData?.items ?? [])].filter((i) => i.kind === 'file').map((i) => i.getAsFile()).filter((f) => f !== null)
+        }
+        if (!insertImageFiles(view, files)) return false
+        e.preventDefault()
+        return true
+      },
+      drop(e, view) {
+        const files = [...(e.dataTransfer?.files ?? [])]
+        const pos = view.posAtCoords(e)
+        if (!files.length || !insertImageFiles(view, files, pos ?? undefined)) return false
+        e.preventDefault()
+        return true
+      },
+    }),
+  ]
 }
 
 // 占位可能已被用户编辑移动，按 blob 地址在当前文档中查找